美国发布最新《国家安全战略》：恢复美国在石油、天然气、煤炭及核能领域的能源主导地位

来源：中国电力报微信公众号 时间：2025-12-09 14:21

　　美国白宫于当地时间12月4日晚发布特朗普政府的新版《美国国家安全战略》（National Security Strategy of the United States of America），旨在确保其在未来几十年继续保持全球范围内最强大、最富裕、最具影响力的国家地位。

　　该战略报告指出，美国核心战略目标包括打造全球最坚实、最高效且最具创新力的能源产业体系，扩大能源生产与出口能力。

　　能源领域重点内容摘录如下。

　　What Do We Want Overall？

　　美国国内总体目标

　　We want the world’s most robust, productive, and innovative energy sector—one capable not just of fueling American economic growth but of being one of America’s leading export industries in its own right.

　　我们致力于打造全球最坚实、最高效且最具创新力的能源产业体系——不仅能够驱动美国经济增长，更要使其本身成为美国主导性的出口支柱产业之一。

　　What Do We Want In and From the World?

　　美国国际核心利益

　　We want to prevent an adversarial power from dominating the Middle East, its oil and gas supplies, and the chokepoints through which they pass while avoiding the “forever wars” that bogged us down in that region at great cost.

　　我们致力于防止敌对势力主宰中东地区及其油气资源与运输咽喉要道，同时避免再次陷入曾令我们付出沉重代价的长期战争。

　　What Are America’s Available Means to Get What We Want?

　　美国战略的支撑措施

　　Through President Trump’s robust domestic agenda, the United States is:

　　通过特朗普总统的国内施政纲领，美国正实现以下目标：

　　Unleashing our enormous energy production capacity as a strategic priority to fuel growth and innovation, and to bolster and rebuild the middle class.

　　将释放我们巨大的能源产能作为战略优先事项，以驱动经济增长与产业创新，同时巩固和重建中产阶级。

　　Priorities

　　优先任务

　　Economic Security – Finally, because economic security is fundamental to national security, we will work to further strengthen the American economy, with emphases on:

　　经济安全——最后，鉴于经济安全是国家安全的基石，我们将着力进一步增强美国经济实力，重点聚焦以下方面：

　　Energy Dominance – Restoring American energy dominance (in oil, gas, coal, and nuclear) and reshoring the necessary key energy components is a top strategic priority. Cheap and abundant energy willproduce well-paying jobs in the United States, reduce costs for American consumers and businesses, fuel reindustrialization, and help maintain our advantage in cutting-edge technologies such as AI. Expanding our net energy exports will also deepen relationships with allies while curtailing the influence of adversaries, protect our ability to defend our shores, and—when and where necessary—enables us to project power. We reject the disastrous “climate change” and “Net Zero” ideologies that have so greatly harmed Europe, threaten the United States, and subsidize our adversaries.

　　能源主导地位——把恢复美国在石油、天然气、煤炭及核能领域的能源主导地位，并将关键能源组件产业链回迁本土，作为首要战略任务。廉价充裕的能源将在美国创造高薪就业岗位，降低消费者与企业成本，驱动再工业化进程，并助力维持我国在人工智能等尖端技术领域的优势。扩大能源出口还将深化与盟友关系、遏制对手影响力，保障我国海岸防御能力，并在必要时实现力量投送。我们摒弃“气候变化”与“净零碳排放”意识形态，它已重创欧洲、威胁美国并变相资助对手。

　　The Regions

　　地区布局

　　1.The Middle East：Shift Burdens, Build Peace

　　中东：防控风险，构建和平

　　For half a century at least, American foreign policy has prioritized the Middle East above all other regions. The reasons are obvious: the Middle East was for decades the world’s most important supplier of energy, was a prime theater of superpower competition, and was rife with conflict that threatened to spill into the wider world and even to our own shores.

　　至少半个世纪以来，美国外交政策始终将中东置于其他所有地区之上。其理由显而易见：中东在过去数十年间是全球最重要的能源供应地，是大国竞争的主要舞台，且冲突频发，其溢出效应可能波及更广泛区域甚至美国本土。

　　Today, at least two of those dynamics no longer hold. Energy supplies have diversified greatly, with the United States once again a net energy exporter. Superpower competition has given way to great power jockeying, in which the United States retains the most enviable position, reinforced by President Trump’s successful revitalization of our alliances in the Gulf, with other Arab partners, and with Israel.

　　如今，其中至少两项态势已发生根本变化。能源供应已实现高度多元化，美国更再度成为能源净出口国；超级大国竞争已让位于大国博弈——而美国凭借特朗普总统成功重振与海湾国家、其他阿拉伯伙伴及以色列的同盟关系，在此格局中保持着最令人称羡的地位。

　　As this administration rescinds or eases restrictive energy policies and American energy production ramps up, America’s historic reason for focusing on the Middle East will recede. Instead, the region will increasingly become a source and destination of international investment, and in industries well beyond oil and gas—including nuclear energy, AI, and defense technologies. We can also work with Middle East partners to advance other economic interests, from securing supply chains to bolstering opportunities to develop friendly and open markets in other parts of the world such as Africa.

　　随着本届政府撤销或放宽限制性能源政策，以及美国能源生产的扩大，历史上美国聚焦中东的核心动因将逐渐淡化。取而代之的是，该地区将日益成为国际投资的来源地与目的地，且投资领域远超出油气范畴——涵盖核能、人工智能及国防技术等产业。我们还可与中东伙伴协作推进其他经济利益，从保障供应链安全到开拓发展机遇，例如在非洲等其他地区培育友好开放的市场。

　　America will always have core interests in ensuring that Gulf energy supplies do not fall into the hands of an outright enemy, that the Strait of Hormuz remain open, that the Red Sea remain navigable, that the region not be an incubator or exporter of terror against American interests or the American homeland, and that Israel remain secure.

　　美国的核心利益始终在于：确保海湾能源供应不落入公然敌对者手中，保障霍尔木兹海峡畅通无阻，维护红海航行自由，防止该地区成为针对美国利益或本土的恐怖主义孵化地与输出源，并确保以色列的安全。

　　2.Africa

　　非洲

　　The United States should transition from an aid-focused relationship with Africa to a trade- and investment-focused relationship, favoring partnerships with capable, reliable states committed to opening their markets to U.S. goods and services. An immediate area for U.S. investment in Africa, with prospects for a good return on investment, include the energy sector and critical mineral development. Development of U.S.-backed nuclear energy, liquid petroleum gas, and liquified natural gas technologies can generate profits for U.S. businesses and help us in the competition for critical minerals and other resources.

　　美国应当将与非洲的关系从以援助为核心转向以贸易和投资为核心，优先与那些有能力、可信赖且承诺向美国商品与服务开放市场的国家建立伙伴关系。美国在非洲投资的当务之急是能源领域与关键矿产开发——这些领域投资回报前景可观。发展美国支持的核能、液化石油气及液化天然气技术不仅能为美国企业创造利润，也有助于我们在关键矿产和其他资源的竞争中占据优势。

责任编辑：江蓬新